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EM•PACT® Pre-exercise Drink Mix EM•PACT®: Technical Information |
Ingredients
Aloe vera (inner leaf gel powder)Aloe vera (inner leaf gel powder)
Aloe vera gel. For centuries, the aloe vera plant, Aloe barbadensis, has been used by cultures for its beneficial effects on human health (1). Today aloe vera gel continues to be used in supplements, foods, beverages, and cosmetics. Aloe leaves consist of two major parts, the outer leaf epidermis and the inner leaf gel, which are very different in their chemical composition and properties. Aloe gel is obtained from the inner portion of the leaves. Much of the health benefits observed by the use of aloe vera gel may be attributed to its high molecular weight polysaccharides. Before a process was developed to stabilize aloe vera gel or extracts, fresh preparations were regarded as being required for any therapeutic efficacy (2). It has now been shown that careful drying of aloe vera gel can retain the polysaccharide content important for producing many of its health benefits (3).
There are very few studies exploring what happens to aloe vera gel once ingested. It has been demonstrated that the human gut bacteria can digest polysaccharides from aloe vera (4). Aloe has a long history of safe use, dating back thousands of years.This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• Advanced Ambrotose® capsules
• Advanced Ambrotose® powder
• AmbroStart® drink mix
• Ambrotose AO® capsules
• Ambrotose® Complex capsules
• CardioBALANCE® capsules
• Catalyst™ caplets
• EM•PACT®
• GlycoBears® tablets
• MannaBears™ supplement
• Manna-C™ capsules
• MannaCLEANSE™ caplets
• Optimal Support Packets
• Phyt-Aloe® capsules or powder
• PhytoBurst® Nutritional Chews
• PhytoMatrix® caplets
• PLUS™ caplets
• SPORT™ capsules
References
1. The Merck Index. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck & Co., Inc., 1996.
2. Gjerstad G, Riner TD. Am J Pharm Sci Support Public Health 1968;140:58-64.
3. Ni Y, Turner D, Yates KM, Tizard I. Isolation and characterization of structural components of Aloe vera L. leaf pulp. Int J Immunopharmacol. 2004;4:1745-55.
4. Sinnott RA, Ramberg J, Kirchner JM et al. Utilization of arabinogalactan, aloe vera gel polysaccharides, and a mixed saccharide dietary supplement by human colonic bacteria in vitro. Int J Probiotics Prebiotics 2007;2:97-104.
Last updated March, 2009
Print This Ingredient- Arabinogalactan (from Larix spp. wood)
Arabinogalactan (from Larix spp. wood)
Arabinogalactans are a class of long, densely branched high-molecular weight polysaccharides extracted for commercial uses from the bark of the Eastern and Western Larch trees, Larix larcinia and Larix occidentalis. Larch arabinogalactans are considered a good source of soluble dietary fiber. Arabinogalactans are common in many food plants, including corn, carrots, tomatoes, pears, wheat and red wine (1).
The amount of arabinogalactan absorbed through the intestine after an oral dose is unclear. Non-absorbed arabinogalactan is fermented by bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract (2), (3). Larch arabinogalactans are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) (21CFR172.610).This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• Advanced Ambrotose® capsules
• Advanced Ambrotose® powder
• AmbroStart® drink mix
• Ambrotose® Complex capsules
• Ambrotose® Complex powder
• CardioBALANCE® capsules
• Catalyst™ caplets
• EM•PACT®
• GlycoBears® tablets
• Manna-C™ capsules
• MannaCLEANSE™ caplets
• Optimal Support Packets
• Phyt-Aloe® capsules or powder
• PLUS™ caplets
• SPORT™ capsules
References
1. Cui SW. Polysaccharide Gums from Agricultural Products: Processing, Structures & Functionality. Lancaster, Pa.: Technomic Publishing Co., Inc., 2001.
2. Crociani F, Alessandrini A, Mucci MM, Biavati B. Degradation of complex carbohydrates by Bifidobacterium spp. Int J Food Microbiol 1994;24:199-210.
3. Kelly GS. Larch arabinogalactan: clinical relevance of a novel immune-enhancing polysaccharide. Altern.Med Rev 1999;4:96-103.
Last updated March, 2009
Print This Ingredient- Calcium citrate
Calcium citrate
Calcium citrate is the calcium salt of citric acid used as a source of the essential mineral calcium in dietary supplements. Calcium citrate is approved for use as a food additive by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (1).
This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• AmbroStart® drink mix
• EM•PACT®
• GlycoBears® tablets
References
1. Food and Drug Administration. EAFUS: A Food Additive Database. http://www.foodsafety.gov/~dms/eafus.html. 10-17-2008. 12-4-2008.
Last updated April, 2009
Print This Ingredient- Choline bitartrate
Choline bitartrate
Choline bitartrate is a salt of the nutrient choline. It is commonly used as a source of choline in dietary supplements (1). Choline bitartrate is considered generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for human consumption by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (21CFR182.8250) (2).
This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• AmbroStart® drink mix
• Catalyst™ caplets
• EM•PACT®
• GlycoBears® tablets
References
1. PDR for Nutritional Supplements. Montvale, NJ: Physicians' Desk Reference, Inc, 2008.
2. Food and Drug Administration. EAFUS: A Food Additive Database. http://www.foodsafety.gov/~dms/eafus.html. 10-17-2008. 12-4-2008.
Last updated April, 2009
Print This Ingredient- Fructose
Fructose
Fructose, also known as levulose, is a monosaccharide sugar that occurs naturally in honey and a number of fruits. It is used as a flavoring and sweetening agent in foods. Fructose is the sweetest sugar, sweeter than the other monosaccharide sugars glucose and sucrose (1). It is approved for use as a food additive by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (2).
This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• AmbroStart® drink mix
• EM•PACT®
• GlycoBears® tablets
• GlycoSlim® chocolate meal replacement
• GlycoSlim® vanilla meal replacement
References
1. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients. Washington, DC: Pharmaceutical Press and American Pharmacists Assn, 2006.
2. Food and Drug Administration. EAFUS: A Food Additive Database. http://www.foodsafety.gov/~dms/eafus.html. 10-17-2008. 12-4-2008.
Last updated April, 2009
Print This Ingredient- Ghatti gum
Ghatti gum
Ghatti gum, a mixture of complex polysaccharides, comes from the bark of Anogeissus latifolia, a large tree native to India and Sri Lanka. Ghatti gum is used in supplements, foods, drugs and cosmetics. It contains as much as 80% soluble dietary fiber (1). Gum ghatti is also used to aid in mixing skin care product ingredients.
Most gums are believed to be largely degraded in the colon (2). Test tube studies have demonstrated the fermentation of ghatti gum by the beneficial human bacteria species Bifidobacterium (3), (4). Ghatti gum is considered generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and is permitted for use as a food (21CFR184.1333).This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• Advanced Ambrotose® capsules
• Advanced Ambrotose® powder
• AmbroStart® drink mix
• Ambrotose AO® capsules
• Ambrotose® Complex capsules
• Ambrotose® Complex powder
• CardioBALANCE® capsules
• Catalyst™ caplets
• EM•PACT®
• Emprizone® gel
• FIRM with Ambrotose® cream
• GlycoBears® tablets
• Manna-C™ capsules
• MannaCLEANSE™ caplets
• Optimal Support Packets
• Phyt-Aloe® capsules or powder
• PLUS™ caplets
• SPORT™ capsules
References
1. Glicksman M. Gum Ghatti (Indian gum). In: Glicksman M, ed. Food Hydrocolloids. Boca Raton: CRC Press 1983:31-7.
2. Hill MJ. Bacterial fermentation of complex carbohydrate in the human colon. Eur J Cancer Prev 1995;4:353-8.
3. Crociani F, Alessandrini A, Mucci MM, Biavati B. Degradation of complex carbohydrates by Bifidobacterium spp. Int J Food Microbiol 1994;24:199-210.
4. Salyers AA, West SE, Vercellotti JR, Wilkins TD. Fermentation of mucins and plant polysaccharides by anaerobic bacteria from the human colon. Appl Environ Microbiol 1977;34:529-33.
Last updated March, 2009
Print This Ingredient- Gum tragacanth
Gum tragacanth
Gum tragacanth comes from the stems and branches of the flowering plant Astragalus gummifer. The raw gum is made up of a mixture of two polysaccharides. Gum tragacanth has been approved for use in pharmaceuticals in the U.S. since 1820 and in foods since 1925 (1).
Most gums are believed to be largely degraded in the colon (2). Test tube studies have demonstrated that gum tragacanth can be digested by a number of bacteria that inhabit the human colon, including the beneficial Bifidobacterium species (3), (4). Gum tragacanth is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and is commonly added to foods (21CFR184.1351).This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• Advanced Ambrotose® capsules
• Advanced Ambrotose® powder
• AmbroStart® drink mix
• Ambrotose AO® capsules
• Ambrotose® Complex capsules
• CardioBALANCE® capsules
• Catalyst™ caplets
• EM•PACT®
• GlycoBears® tablets
• MannaBears™ supplement
• Manna-C™ capsules
• MannaCLEANSE™ caplets
• Optimal Support Packets
• Phyt-Aloe® capsules or powder
• PLUS™ caplets
• SPORT™ capsules
References
1. Anderson DM. Evidence for the safety of gum tragacanth (Asiatic Astragalus spp.) and modern criteria for the evaluation of food additives. Food Addit Contam 1989;6:1-12.
2. Hill MJ. Bacterial fermentation of complex carbohydrate in the human colon. Eur J Cancer Prev 1995;4:353-8.
3. Crociani F, Alessandrini A, Mucci MM, Biavati B. Degradation of complex carbohydrates by Bifidobacterium spp. Int J Food Microbiol 1994;24:199-210.
4. Salyers AA, West SE, Vercellotti JR, Wilkins TD. Fermentation of mucins and plant polysaccharides by anaerobic bacteria from the human colon. Appl Environ Microbiol 1977;34:529-33.
Last updated March, 2009
Print This Ingredient- L-carnitine
L-carnitine
L-carnitine is an amino acid derivative found in almost all cells of the human body where it is involved in the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a form of biological energy. L-carnitine can be synthesized in the liver and kidneys from the essential amino acids L-lysine and L-methionine (1). It can also be consumed in foods of animal origin, such as lamb or beef, or as a dietary supplement. L-carnitine is approved for use as a food additive by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (2).
This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• EM•PACT®
References
1. PDR for Nutritional Supplements. Montvale, NJ: Physicians' Desk Reference, Inc, 2008.
2. Food and Drug Administration. EAFUS: A Food Additive Database. http://www.foodsafety.gov/~dms/eafus.html. 10-17-2008. 12-4-2008.
Last updated April, 2009
Print This Ingredient- Magnesium aspartate
Magnesium aspartate
Magnesium aspartate is the magnesium salt of aspartic acid. It is used as a source of the essential mineral magnesium in dietary supplements.
This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• AmbroStart® drink mix
• EM•PACT®
- Magnesium succinate
Magnesium succinate
Magnesium succinate is the magnesium salt of succinic acid used as a source of the essential mineral magnesium in dietary supplements.
This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• AmbroStart® drink mix
• EM•PACT®
- Medium chain triglycerides
Medium chain triglycerides
Medium chain triglycerides (MCTs) are medium-chain fatty acid esters of glycerol. For commercial purposes, MCTs are derived from coconut or palm kernel oils. Once ingested, they are rapidly absorbed from the small intestine and then transported to the liver where they are broken down to produce energy for the body (1). MCTs are used as dietary supplements as well as formulation ingredients, acting as fillers or lubricants, to stabilize mixtures and to aid in absorption (2). MCTs are likely safe when used orally and appropriately (3).
This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• AmbroStart® drink mix
• EM•PACT®
References
1. PDR for Nutritional Supplements. Montvale, NJ: Physicians' Desk Reference, Inc, 2008.
2. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients. Washington, DC: Pharmaceutical Press and American Pharmacists Assn, 2006.
3. Natural Medicines. Comprehensive Database. Therapeutic Research Faculty, 2003.
Last updated April, 2009
Print This Ingredient- Potassium aspartate
Potassium aspartate
Potassium aspartate is the potassium salt of aspartic acid used as a source of potassium in dietary supplements.
This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• AmbroStart® drink mix
• EM•PACT®
- Potassium succinate
Potassium succinate
Potassium succinate is the potassium salt of succinic acid. It is used as a source of potassium in dietary supplements.
This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• AmbroStart® drink mix
• EM•PACT®
- Silicon dioxide
Silicon dioxide
Silicon dioxide, also known as silica, is added to capsule and tablet formulations to reduce clumping (1). Silica is found in many foods, particularly whole grains (oats and barley), sugar beets, sugar cane, soybeans, turnips, green beans (2). The average intake of silica in adults is 14-21 mg/day (3). The bioavailability of silicate additives is low (4). Silica that occurs in food and water has not been shown to cause any adverse effects (3).
This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• Accelerator 3™ capsules
• AmbroStart® drink mix
• Ambrotose® Complex capsules
• BounceBack® capsules
• Catalyst™ caplets
• EM•PACT®
• FiberSlim™ capsules
• GlycoBears® tablets
• GlycoSlim® chocolate meal replacement
• GlycoSlim® vanilla meal replacement
• ImmunoSTART® tablets
• MannaCLEANSE™ caplets
• Optimal Support Packets
• PhytoMatrix® caplets
• PLUS™ caplets
• SPORT™ capsules
References
1. The Merck Index. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck & Co., 2006.
2. Nutritional Biochemistry and Metabolism. New York, New York: Elsevier, 1991.
3. Natural Medicines: Comprehensive Database. Stockton, CA: Therapeutic Research Faculty, 2000.
4. Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 2002.
Last updated March, 2009
Print This Ingredient- Soy lecithin
Soy lecithin
Soy lecithin is a combination of naturally occurring phospholipids extracted during the processing of soybean oil. It consists of three types of phospholipids- phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphotidylinositol. Soy lecithin is used commercially in substances as a natural way to stabilize liquid mixtures. Lecithin is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for human consumption with the status generally recognized as safe (GRAS) (21CFR184.1400).
This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• AmbroStart® drink mix
• EM•PACT®
• MannaCLEANSE™ caplets
• Optimal Support Packets
• OsoLean® powder
• PhytoMatrix® caplets
Formulation Ingredients
- Citric acid
Citric acid
Citric acid occurs naturally in a number of plant species, including lemons and pineapples. It is also found naturally in the human body, mainly in the bones. In food products, citric acid is used as a flavor enhancer for its tart, acidic taste. As an excipient, it is used primarily to adjust the pH (the acidity or alkalinity) of a product (1). It is also used in skin care products for fragrance (2). Citric acid is considered generally recognized as safe (GRAS) and is approved for use as a food additive by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (3). It is also included in the U.S. FDA Inactive Ingredients Guide as safe to use in the amounts present in our products (4).
This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• AmbroStart® drink mix
• Ambrotose AO® capsules
• EM•PACT®
• FiberSlim™ capsules
• GlycoBears® tablets
• MannaBears™ supplement
• Optimal Support Packets
• PhytoBurst® Nutritional Chews
References
1. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients. Washington, DC: Pharmaceutical Press and American Pharmacists Assn, 2006.
2. International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook. Washington, D.C.: The Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association, 2006.
3. Food and Drug Administration. EAFUS: A Food Additive Database. http://www.foodsafety.gov/~dms/eafus.html. 10-17-2008. 12-4-2008.
4. FDA Inactive Ingredients Guide. http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/iig/index.cfm. 2007.
Last updated March, 2009
Print This Ingredient- Modified food starch
Modified food starch
Modified food starch refers to a type of food starch (i.e. corn, wheat, rice, potato or tapioca) that is modified by treatment with certain acids, enzymes or compounds that bleach or alter its chemical properties. It is used to thicken, to improve texture and to maintain the water content of foods. Modified food starch is approved for use as a food additive by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (21CFR172.892) (1).
This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• AmbroStart® drink mix
• EM•PACT®
References
1. Food and Drug Administration. EAFUS: A Food Additive Database. http://www.foodsafety.gov/~dms/eafus.html. 10-17-2008. 12-4-2008.
Last updated April, 2009
Print This Ingredient- Natural flavor(s)
Natural flavor(s)
Natural flavors are oils or extracts containing the flavoring constituents derived from a spice, fruit or fruit juice, vegetable or vegetable juice, edible yeast, herb, bark, bud, root, leaf or similar plant material, meat, seafood, poultry, eggs or dairy products, whose significant function in food is flavoring rather than nutritional (21CFR501.22).
This ingredient can be found in the following products:
References
• AmbroStart® drink mix
• EM•PACT®
• GlycoBears® tablets
• GlycoSlim® chocolate meal replacement
• GlycoSlim® vanilla meal replacement
• ImmunoSTART® tablets
• MannaBears™ supplement
• MannaCLEANSE™ caplets
* This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.